Sunday, May 17, 2020

The Nonexistent International System Of The United States

Dominique Heath Professor Bukowski IS 250-04 May 12, 2015 Relevant Utopia Compared to the nonexistent international system of the past to the progressing and developing international system of the present, we have made a huge progress towards peace. It took two wars, a proxy-war, and countless genocide, but we are currently on our way towards establishing international peace, but of course we still have more progressing to do, especially in addressing international and even domestic conflict. The current state and nature of the international systems is characterized as both conflict and cooperation of advanced nations. To further elaborate, World War I allowed the United States to grow as a nation and be recognized on a global scale. Afterwards, the Cold War further brought together the nation through fear of nuclear war giving away to a nation sense of patriotism. That was a huge progress from earlier beliefs. Some may look at our international system and believe that it is more of a realist approach, however, I believe that the current international system is very liberal in how it handles situations. Realists believe in looking out for their state s own selves and ensuring state s protection above all else. Each state in the international system does consider their safety as priority, but that doesn’t stop other states from trying to help states that are in trouble, which is the purpose of foreign aid. Not only that but our international system hopes to manage globalShow MoreRelatedLiberalism and Realism Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesRealism and Liberalism are two extremely prominent theories of international relations. These doctrines exhibit sagacious perceptions about war, foreign affairs and domestic relations. The fundamental principles of protocol in which we rely upon aren’t always apprehensive (Karle, Warren, 2003). By interpreting the data one could fathom these ideas. The assessment of these faculties wield noteworthy dominance about the concepts of international affairs. In analyzing this data, you will comprehend the variantRead MoreAmerica Should Abandon Its Competition Based Education System874 Words   |  4 Pagesquestion how the tiny country could out perform the wealthiest nation of all. When observing the United States’ school system, however, the permeation of competitive ideology becomes evident. Ironically, America should abandon its competition-based education system if American students are to comp ete with Finnish students whose country employs an innovative approach to education. The United States’ school system is based on competition, and competition promotes disparity. Because some schools have moreRead MoreBorder Security1320 Words   |  6 Pages 2 Border Security Technology Border security is paramount to the security of the United States of America. There are 7,000 miles of land border with Canada and Mexico as well as numerous lakes, rivers, and coastal waters. These areas are the entry and exit to our nation and an economic gateway for the world. In today’s world, extremist organizations such as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) pose many challenges to the security of our country. Not only do these organizationsRead MoreChina Unbalanced Essay921 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowth has taken China from a poor country to the 2nd largest economy in the world. Using many of the principals of capitalism China has overcome obscurity and increased exports to the point of drawing a large trade surplus with Europe and the United States. The growing wealth of China has drawn much criticism form the global leaders as trade deficits rise. China has continued on policies of currency fixing and implementation of subsidies that are consistently controve rsial with the World Trade OrganizationRead More Ability Tracking Essay1707 Words   |  7 PagesAbility Tracking Introduction If there is one general consensus among those who analyze America’s system of education, it is that we are lacking somewhere. Whether it’s in our inner-city schools, or rural districts, there is a distinct literacy dilemma that has yet to be resolved in our schools. Not only are we gravely behind other nations in our literacy rate and mathematics abilities, but there is also an increasing void within our schools. A method of segregation known as â€Å"abilityRead MoreThe Freedom Of Expression And Information Is Essential For The Promotion And Preservation Of Democracy1652 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the world, human rights are viewed in many different ways. While some individuals take their rights for granted or view them as privileges, others view them as nonexistent. The reason people view them as nonexistent is because often times their human rights are violated by unfair economic structures and corrupt government systems. In order to best understand hum an rights, one must focus on the base that forms all of them, and that base is freedom of expression. When citizens are given the freedomRead MoreComparable Physicians In The United States (Herrick, 2007).1555 Words   |  7 Pagescomparable physicians in the United States (Herrick, 2007). Median nurses’ salaries in the United States are typically 50 percent greater than those in many overseas locations. Furthermore, unskilled and semiskilled labor, such as technicians and housekeeping staff may be procured at massive discounts when compared to U.S. wages. The end result is these reduced labor rates make it extremely cost effective to both build and operate medical facilities in overseas locations. Market trends or thirdRead MoreThe United States Congress On The Rights Of The Child ( Crc )1506 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States’ Senate should ratify the United Nation’s human rights treaty, The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). The CRC is the most widely ratified human rights treaty with over 193 states parties ratifying it (unicef.org). The CRC was adopted by the UN General Assembly on November 20th, 1989 and promotes the rights of children worldwide (childrightscampaign.org). The treaty recognizes that children have certain unalienable rights. These rights are to develop physically, mentallyRead MoreDisadvantages Of Globalization1250 Words   |  5 Pagessame benefits as developed world powers. Through globalization, China has been able to greatly expand their wealth and power allowing to develop into a powerhouse for commerce. Political globalization connects countries through international organizations. These international organizations have the authority to create laws and regulations that override national laws. Multinational Corporations (MNC) are corporations who manufacture and sell their products in more than one country. MNC allow for a companyRead MoreCorruption International Business Concerns The Making Of An Unlawful Payment1503 Words   |  7 Pages Corruption international business concerns the making of an unlawful payment to the politician’s government officials of a host company. The causes of corruption are multidimensional including cultural economic political legal and institutional factors that have different variations from one country to the other. The Foreign Corrupt Practices act was passed in 1977 to prohibit the bribes and gifts to foreign officials as a method of payment influencing businesses and government decisions and to

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Do You Believe in Miracles Essay - 2437 Words

Let me ask you a question, do you believe in miracles? Or, more appropriately, do you consider, that in today’s scientific era, it is illogical to relate a fact out of common sense, to one that would establish a witness for the intervention of a supernatural being? Here’s a moment to think a about it. Let me guess, you’re sitting there trying to make up your mind. Don’t worry; you’re not the first person that does not believe in miracles. In the past, some two centuries ago, Scottish philosopher David Hume did not believe either. And probably you have good reason not to either. But, let’s not diverse. My focus is primarily on one of the many arguments philosophers have debated over for years. Does David Hume’s idea of ‘induction’ support†¦show more content†¦He also adds that humans make an assumption in which the events of the future will resemble the past. He rejected the idea that our experience can alone justify our beliefs of the future and suggests that when we experience something, like the sun rising every day, we assume the events of the future will resemble those of the past and that the sun will indeed rise tomorrow. He also concludes, assumptions cannot be based on logic, because as before, logically the future does not need to resemble the past. Experience, Hume points out, cannot be trusted either, because what is our experience concerns the past and the assumption is about the future. Hume’s final conclusion is something along the lines of: because saying that the future will resemble the past would prove a circular argument, Hume postulates beliefs of the future are unjustified because they are based on prior assumptions which are also unjustified. He points out clearly, that having seen the sun rise previously, we just expect it to rise in the future, and comes to the conclusion human beings form their beliefs due to custom and habit. It is important to point out also, Hume does not conclude that we can’t be sure of what will happen in the future, that beliefs that we may be unsure of can still be justified. He also warns us that he thinks we would be crazy not to have beliefs of the future. For Hume, the notion of a miracle is based on three considerable obstacles. Firstly, Hume writes, â€Å"aShow MoreRelatedDo You Believe Miracles?2389 Words   |  10 PagesDo you believe in miracles? Before, I never thought that miracles could happen till I saw one happen right before my eyes. It was very scary and one of the worst days of my life I was 15 and my brother was 17. I knew from that day on my family and my life would no longer be the same. This is how I knew miracles really do happen. My mom told him not to drive at all, but of course he didn’t listen. It was my first church youth conference and my parents wouldn’t be with me and my brother. This yearRead MoreExplaining the Term Miracle Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesExplaining the Term Miracle The word miracle comes from the Latin miraculum, which means, to marvel at, to wonder. A miracle therefore is a happening which amazes us and arouses wonder. When we say miracle we mean an event which is so mysterious that cannot be explained by scientific methods; something that we believe cannot occur naturally. A miracle involves a breach or violation of the laws of nature. Usually miracles are thought of as something that Read MoreEssay about Of Miracles by David Hume936 Words   |  4 PagesOf Miracles by David Hume In David Hume?s paper ?Of Miracles,? Hume presents a various number of arguments concerning why people ought not to believe in any miracles. Hume does not think that miracles do not exist it is just that we should not believe in them because they have no rational background. One of his arguments is just by definition miracles are unbelievable. And have no rational means in believing miracles. Another argument is that most miracles tend to come from uncivilizedRead MoreBelieving in Miracles Essay834 Words   |  4 PagesBelieving in Miracles An important stage in this course of RE is that of the belief in God. The belief in God has many different aspects to learn, one of which is the belief in miracles and how miracles lead us to believe that God exists. This essay will look at the two sides of believing in miracles. On one side of the debate is that of why miracles lead us to believe in God? And to contradict this point of view will be the problem of believing in miracles. ARead MoreEssay on Hume’s Reasons for Rejecting Miracles815 Words   |  4 PagesHume’s Reasons for Rejecting Miracles One of the main philosophers in the debate about miracles is David Hume. I will start this essay with a basic summary of Hume’s argument. Hume’s argument is not that miracles cannot happen, but that, given the amount of evidence that has established and confirmed a law of nature, there can never be sufficient evidence to prove that a law of nature has been violated. He believes that miracles have no rational background. HumeRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen889 Words   |  4 Pageshad bargained for, expecting aâ€Å"miracle† she finds out what kind of man she is married to, a typical husband in the Victorian Era society, Nora is a dynamic character in this play. Though she faces many progressions and grows from one character into another. It is through her character progressions that she discovers that she has been living a lie and she decides to open a new chapter of her life slamming the entryway of pretense and the doll ideology. The first miracle Nora expects to happen is TorvaldRead MoreHow Hume s Position Is On Human Understanding And How Knowledge Is Obtained1437 Words   |  6 PagesIn reading the Enquiry, we have to consider on how Hume’s position is on human understanding and how knowledge is obtained, will provide a distinct relationship. We know that he believes that humans gain this knowledge through our senses. Hume has provided two phrases on knowledge and how they are provided. He had stated that the experience that we gain is known as â€Å"Matters of Fact† and â€Å"Relations of Ideas†. Hume is telling us that the â€Å"matters of fact† is how we interact with the external worldRead MoreHume on Miracles Essay689 Words   |  3 PagesHume on Miracles It is evident in David Humes writing of An Equity Concerning Human Understanding that he does not believe that miracles take place. Hume is a man of logic, who believes in experience over knowledge. Of course it is hard for such a man to believe in extraordinary claims without being there to witness them. Especially when such events require a lot of faith. In order for an event to be deemed a miracle, it must disobey the laws of nature. However, it is these same lawsRead MoreThe Differences Between Prepositional and Non-Prepositional Revelation891 Words   |  4 PagesRevelation Revelation is when, how and through whom or what God reveals himself to us. It is said god reveals himself to mankind through miracles before us. God also shows himself in everything around us. God created miracles in making grass and trees, animals, night and day and also the miracle of birth and if you believe in these miracles you will notice God is revealing himself to mankind through everything. For millions of years the argue concerning propositional and non Read MoreTaking a Look at Miracles677 Words   |  3 PagesWhat are miracles? Who would be able to do these miracles? â€Å"A miracle is an event which the force of nature- including the natural powers of man-cannot of themselves produce, and which must therefore, referred to a supernatural agency† (Fisher1900,9). The existence of the miracles in hand of human still a debatable idea everywhere. Regarding to some religious perspective, perfuming miracles is an ability that given by God to holy persons such as prophets and so on. It has also,

Quality Function Deployment for Automotive Industry- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theQuality Function Deployment for Automotive Industry. Answer: When beginning an industry or a business, the primary target of the Company is to satisfy the customers both internally or externally. However, the methodology or procedure to know precisely what your customers need may be a challenge according to Armellini et al (2017). Quality function deployment is one of the best methods to keenly evaluate what the customers require in an organization and provide the expected feedback that will fully satisfy the customers. The organization owners in Japan first applied the usage of quality function deployment in the year 1960 in reference to Ashrafuzzaman et al (2016). During this period, they effectively analyzed the customers needs and responded to them. This method brought meaningful results to the industries in Japan, and because of that, it was applied in the United States of America in the year 1980. From the statistics, this methodology brought many positive impacts in the field of automotive industry. Barad (2018) says that, when applying the quality function deployment in an organization, the management of that business should use a product or service in the organization. QFD incorporates about seven leadership and preparation materials to find the customers needs. It then arranges the priorities in a way that the customers will automatically choose them. The leadership tools that direct the decisions in QFD comprises of interaction matrix, features of the product, relationship matrix, impact rating, technical challenges competitive technical benchmark and lastly the target values citing the work of bin Ahmad Shamsuddin et al (2015). When the organization has identified the product or a service, the high seven pillars is applied systematically until the customer's priority is determined. For instance, the QFD starts with the first matrix to identify the most effective quality of the product. The attributes of the product or the service will comprise of the needs, compulsory and w ows of the potential customers in the market. After the identification of these characteristics, the quality function deployment uses the business purpose to focus on the next step. This step is to put the customers priorities for the particular organization. In this assignment, it is going to analyze the use of quality function deployment methodology in an organization selling phones to identify the customers needs. When applying the QFD procedure in this product, there are various steps that the business is going to look at to fully satisfy the customers. The first procedure to get the customer needs in the phone category. The customers may be having a range of needs; it is the work of the business to systematize the requirements as the first step in QFD. Franceschini (2016) say that, after that, the second step is to figure out the impact of the conditions collected on the phone that the organization wants to sell. Some requirements have featherweight at this stage; they should be wiped out from the list and focus on the critical needs that will truly satisfy the customers. According to the QFD method, after determining the weight of all the requirements, the business should now change the selected elements into a practical once. For i nstance, if the customers require some specific apps on the phone, the organization should check on this. In addition to that, the customers may also need the phone to have a particular design; the business should contact the technical team for the support. However, while translating these needs to technical ones, the company should also make some improvement on the phone regarding the current technology; this will also satisfy the customer most. Lastly, the QFD methodology requires the industry to develop advanced phones incorporating the selected requirements from the technical support team. The other thing the organization should also integrate on the phone is the design going with the current technology. On the other hand, a step may bring a challenge to the organization that is selecting the proper requirements from the customers that they should incorporate in the phone. However, QFD provides various ways of determining the heavyweight requirements. The best method is the use of AHP to identify the needs. AHP gives the scale of the listed priorities. It judges the needs according to the way the customers have rated them. This method is proved the best from many businesses that apply QFD in satisfaction of their customers. There are benefits that the business realizes when it uses the quality function deployment methodology according to Sarkar Panchal (2017). The first advantage is that the product from them, for instance, the phone, in this case, will be ranked high among the competitors when the analysis is done. Consequently, using this method makes the company hit the customer requirements directly because customers are the one that determines what the product should be made of. Lastly, QFD reduces the time that may have been wasted during the development because there is no risk of changes. References Armellini, F., Pelicioni, R. A., Kaminski, P. C., Bassetto, S. (2017). Including the voice of the client in the creative process: a case study of the integration of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) to the Value Proposition Design (VPD) in the service sector.The Journal of Modern Project Management,5(2). Ashrafuzzaman, M., Al-Maruf, A., Mahbubul, I. M., Malek, A. A., Mukaddes, A. M. M. (2016). Quality function deployment approach to measure supply chain performance: a case study on garments accessories industries.International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering,22(1), 96-120. Barad, M. (2018). Quality Function Deployment (QFD). InStrategies and Techniques for Quality and Flexibility(pp. 101-121). Springer, Cham. bin Ahmad Shamsuddin, D. M., Chew, B. C., Shin, L. H. (2015). QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT FOR BIO PLASTICS ADOPTION IN MALAYSIAN INDUSTRY.Journal of Technology Management and Business,2(2). Franceschini, F. (2016).Advanced quality function deployment. CRC Press. Sarkar, D., Panchal, R. (2017). Quality Function Deployment (QFD): A Six Sigma Tool for Performance Monitoring of Ready Mixed Concrete.framework,4(2).

Sunday, April 19, 2020

Project Management the Managerial Process

Project management is an important part of strategic management and a crucial part of nation building, business processes as well as non-profit work that requires utmost care from planning to delivery date. Project management is essential in getting things done.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management: the Managerial Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Without the systematic approach of project management the accomplishment of goals may deemed too costly and impossible to complete. Project management does not only deal with setting objectives but also the clarification of what is the expected outcome and if how can it be delivered on time. Project management may evolve through time, the techniques may change but there is one thing that would remain and it is the presence of the project manager. The following outlines the key roles and responsibilities of the project manager as well as the key task s and functions that are required within the life-cycle of a project. The Project Manager Before going any further it is important to clarify the meaning of a project. This can be achieved by defining what a project is not and understand that it is not a typical workload or job that has to be performed or accomplished (Gray Larson, 2008). It has to be pointed out that a project must not be confused by work that is done on a daily basis or processes that falls into the familiarity of a routine. For instance in a factory job a system can be implemented and a supervisor simply observes if the system is working or not. A project is a process that is expected to be done once – from defining phase to handover. Leadership A project manager is not just a fancy title given to the person who is expected to manage a team. There are expected behavior qualities for a project manager. One of which is a certain level of leadership capability. In simple terms a project manager should be a g ood leader when it comes to communicating the desired outcome of the project (Lock, 2007). He or she must be a good leader in the sense that there is the capability to motivate the team members. Management Skills A project manager is different from a coach because the job requirements go beyond the capability to motivate and guide the team. The project manager must possess management skills.Advertising Looking for essay on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This must become evident during the planning phase where the project manager must understand the meaning of time and budget constraints and then make the necessary plans and strategies that can deal with expected problems. On the other hand their management skills must also come into the fore when there is a need to make adjustments, especially when unforeseen problems crop up. Accountability The project manager is accountable to the financiers or to the pe ople that have invested in a particular project. They must have the ability to make the necessary reports needed to inform them as to the progress of the project and if the team are still within the budget and more importantly if they can deliver on time. Furthermore, the accountability aspect of the project manager’s job is seen at the end of the life cycle of the project when resources had to be redeployed. Life Cycle of Project There are different types of projects that can be tackled using project management principles. As a result the typical phases that can be found in project management can be modified to suit different types of needs. The most common projects that are easy to understand and familiar to those in the corporate and business world are those that are related to Information Technology. The creation of management information systems and other IT infrastructures is a familiar undertaking to many people because even small businesses and small organizations are taking steps to ensure that they become a part of globally interconnected world and to be kept abreast of developments in the digital age. Thus, it is a helpful way to fully understand the concepts pertaining to project management by having an overview of the life cycle of a project in the world of Information Technology. In this regard it is interesting to point out that the modified version includes the following steps: 1) analysis; 2) design; 3) coding; 4; test; 5; installation; and 6) maintenance (Cleland Ireland, 2007). What this does is to demonstrate that project managers should never be boxed-in into a formula when it comes to preparing and executing a project. The steps in the project can be easily modified to fit the unique requirements of the problem at hand. In the case of Information Technology the process flow requires analysis of computer hardware, software, programming languages as well as coding. However, for simplicity’s sake it is imperative that project managers must fully understand that at the core of project management lies four basic phases: 1) Defining the Project; 2) Planning; 3) Execution; and 4) Delivery.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management: the Managerial Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Defining the Project The defining stage is important because this is the time when the project manager must determine what the project is all about. It is during this time when the project manager is informed of the specifications of a particular project as well project objectives. This is basically the time to have an overview of the project and determine if it is even feasible to take on the challenge of accomplishing what was set in the objectives. This is also the stage wherein the project manager has to form teams. This can be an elaborate process for projects that are unique and never been done before. But for project managers that are fami liar with the basic parameters of related and recurring projects that team members are all known beforehand because he or she had worked with them in previous projects. Thus, their capabilities and temperaments are known. In this way the project manager can easily see if these people can work together and if they possess the necessary skills needed to accomplish the task at hand. But for special projects with objectives and parameters never before seen and documented, the task of choosing team members may prove tricky. This is the crucial part of the cycle because choosing the wrong people to work for a certain team and project can easily derail the work and instead of accomplishing the project on time this would result in delays, added expenses and worst of all it can force the financiers to pull the plug and ask the project manager to stop all related work. Planning Once the team members are identified and their roles properly assigned the project reaches a new level. There is inc reased activity when it comes to pushing the project forward. In this stage the key players are focused in determining the scope of the project and the detailed plan on how to accomplish what they have set out to do. It is also at this stage when the various constraints are identified (Shelly et al., 2010). The most obvious constraints would be time and money but aside from these things there are issues that have to be dealt with such as policies, regulations, restrictions, permits, etc. It is also at this stage wherein the project manager has to identify the various stakeholders of the project. These are the people that would be benefit and those that would be negatively affected by the project – directly and indirectly.Advertising Looking for essay on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is also a critical phase of the project’s lifecycle because there are so many factors that can shutdown a project especially when the government is involved and other legal entities are affected and yet have the power to put up hurdles and other problems delaying the progress or making it impossible to continue. Execution If this is a plot of the story then this stage is the climax. This is the apex of the activity and highest point in the life cycle of the project. Majority of the resources set aside for the project are expended at this point. If this is a bridge-building project then the equipment necessary to build the structure must be moved towards the exact spot where the project manager intends to build. At the same time the logistical requirements needed to move the materials needed must be take cared of beforehand. Finally, the structure must be built on a step-by-step process as designed in the planning phase. While the work is going on full-blast the project m anager keeps an eye on the other details of the project while at the same time maintaining a bird’s eye-view of all the components required to make a project running smoothly and efficiently. At this stage the project manager must be constantly aware of budget and time constraints. It is imperative to know if the project can be sustained until delivery date and if there is enough time to do the necessary work. This is also the stage wherein the project manager has to make adjustments if needed (Westland, 2006). The planning stage can only predict the outcome of the work flow to a certain extent and that project managers can never anticipate future problems all the time. For instance, workers can get sick or the estimated number of workers was wrong and there is a need to hire more men. These are the kind of adjustments that a project manager must competently handle. Delivery All the work done in the previous stages would amount to nothing if the project manager and his team f ail to deliver. If this is a road project for a particular town or community then it must be handed over to the authorities. If this is a management information system that was created by a third-party then it must be handed over to the corporate leaders and they in turn would hand it over to their IT personnel. In most cases the project does not end with the delivery of a product or a finished structure, the people who are going to use it must be trained to adequately handle these products or infrastructure. Thus, in some cases there is a need to train key people that can help maintain the system that is the byproduct of the project. At the same time these processes requires a great deal of paperwork as well as other legal matters that has to be attended to. Finally, the project manager and his team are also responsible for redeploying resources. In many cases the resources used for a particular project are not consumable, specifically heavy equipment that are rented or bought had to be moved to another location or redeployed for the sake of cost-efficiency purposes. Conclusion In the modern world were cost-efficiency and labor challenges characterizes the problems of industries it is of great importance to fully understand the meaning of project management. It is a way to accomplish complicated tasks with budget and time constraints. As a result it is a useful tool to accomplish things that are important with the assurance that financiers, businessmen, leaders and various stakeholders will have a firm grasp of what is going on every step of the way and be always informed of the likelihood of the projects success or failure. At the end of the day project management principles is a set of principles and systematic thinking that makes the seemingly impossible goal to be a reality. But this is easier said than done. Nevertheless, those who are sponsoring a project or financing a project can increase the chances of success if they know how to choose the correct p erson who would take on the role of project manager. References Cleland, D. R. Ireland. (2007). Project Management: Strategic Design and  Implementation. New York: McGraw-Hill. Gray, C. E. Larson. (2008). Project Management: The Managerial Process. New York: McGraw-Hill. Lock, D. (2007). Project Management. VT: Gower Publishing. Shelly, G. et al. (2010). Systems Analysis and Design. MA: Cengage Learning. Westland, J. (2006). The Project Management Life Cycle: A Complete Step-by-Step  Methodology for Planning, Executing and Closing the Project Successfully. PA: Kogan Page. This essay on Project Management: the Managerial Process was written and submitted by user Salvador Y. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sunday, March 15, 2020

Personality Psychology- an Integrative Essay Essay Example

Personality Psychology Personality Psychology- an Integrative Essay Paper Personality Psychology- an Integrative Essay Paper Traditionally personality has been framed largely into multiple grand theories: psychoanalysis (Freud, Jung), humanistic theories (Rogers, Maslow), social-learning theories (Bandura, Mischel), cognitive-phenomenological theories (Kelly, Laing), trait theories (Eysenck, Cattell, the Big Five), narrative (McAdams, Bruner) and so on. However Personality psychology is yet to articulate clearly a comprehensive framework for understanding the whole person. This essay will attempt to provide a summary of McAdams integrative approach to personality with three different levels: dispositional traits, characteristic adaptations and narrative. McAdams proposed that evolution provides the general design for psychological individuality against which the socially consequential variations in human lives can be conceived. Human beings have evolved to take note of those variations that are most important for group life, summarized at the broadest level in terms of individual differences in dispositional traits. By sketching out the universe of broad trait dispositions that people in many different cultures use to refer to the most general variations in psychological individuality, the Big Five offers a comprehensive system for organizing basic personality tendencies. Whereas traits provide a dispositional sketch or signature, characteristic adaptations spell out many of the details of psychological individuality as contextualized in time, situations, and social roles. Goals, strivings, coping strategies, values, beliefs, and other motivational, developmental, and social– cognitive versions of characteristic adaptations are activated in response to and ultimately shaped by everyday social demands. Adler, Erikson, Rogers, Maslow, Kelly, Bandura- none of these personality theorists showed more than passing interest in dispositional traits. Instead, they emphasized motivation and the dynamics of behavior, social learning and cognitive schemata, strategies and coping mechanisms, developmental challenges and stages, and the ever-changing details of individual adaptation to the social world. What do people want? What do they value? How do people seek out what they want and avoid what they fear? In particular the humanist perspective, influenced greatly by the work of prominent humanists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, emphasizes the role of motivation on thought and behaviour. Concepts such as self-actualization are an essential part of this perspective, conceptualised by a hierarchy of needs each level both independent and interdependent of the next. If traits sketch an outline of human individuality, characteristic adaptations fill in some of the details. McAdams final level is that of integrative life narratives. Narrative approaches to personality suggest that human beings construe their own lives as ongoing stories and that these life stories help to shape behavior, establish identity, and integrate individuals into modern social life Narrative identity is indeed that story the person tries to â€Å"keep going†- an internalized and evolving narrative of the self that incorporates the reconstructed past and the imagined future into a more or less coherent whole in order to provide the person’s life with some degree of unity, purpose, and meaning. The psychosocial construction of narrative identity moves personality from broad trends (dispositional traits) and the specific responses to daily life demands (characteristic adaptations) to the challenge of making meaning out of one’s life in a complex world. Dispositional traits play the fundamental role of sketching the outline while characteristic adaptations fill the details of human individuality, then narrative identities give individual their unique and culturally anchored meanings. While McAdams describes personality in terms of these three levels: dispositional trait, characteristic adaptations and narrative; there is an underlying notion that influences them all, culture.. At the level of dispositional traits, culture provides display rules and demand characteristics for behavioural expression, but culture has little impact on the magnitude or strength of traits. At the level of characteristic adaptations, culture sets agendas for the timing and content of goals, strivings, relational patterns, and the like. Culture has its strongest impact at the level of life narrative, providing a menu or anthology of arrative forms from which individuals draw in making meaning out of their lives. In conclusion, Personality is an individual’s unique variation on the general evolutionary design for human nature, expressed as a developing pattern of dispositional traits, characteristic adaptations (notions from humanistic, psychodynamic, social-cognitive approaches), and integrative life stories complexly and differentially situated in culture. The principles articulated in this essay mark a newfound effort to assume a central and integrative position within the discipline of personality psychology.

Thursday, February 27, 2020

Assessment of Qatari Traditional Architecture Responsiveness to the Research Paper

Assessment of Qatari Traditional Architecture Responsiveness to the Environment - Research Paper Example This is not usually the case in most places. Therefore, the architecture has evolved to take the roaring winds into the equation (Mohamed &Bourennane 34). The main environmental challenge that the people and even the architecture have had to adapt to is the desert conditions. There is rarely any vegetation growing by itself. Even in cases where there is vegetation, it is because of the great care that is paid to it. The buildings are today being designed so as to be sustainable. This means they have to take the environment into account. The buildings now are therefore more ‘green’. They make good use of the limited resources i.e water and energy (Mohamed &Bourennane 34). These winds must meet something in the form of a windbreaker or a tree, in places with ordinary environmental conditions. This is not the case in Qatar. The walls of the buildings have been built to be very tall and firm. This means that they play the role of windbreakers even as they provide shelter for the residents of the gulf. This is an important function because wind can be a major irritant as well as a great utility. In this way, architecture has responded to the need for shelter from the winds (Mohamed & Bourennane 37). People have responded to the danger posed by strong winds by living in walled cities and close to one another. They indeed seem to draw their strength from their numbers. This way, they fortify themselves against the winds that can otherwise carry isolated structures with them. Architecture has also responded to this by providing communal models to houses. As a result, shops, mosques and schools are located close to one another (Mohamed & Bourennane 37). Another climatic condition of the gulf that is well recognized is the hot sun. Of course the climatic conditions in the gulf are desert like. This means that the sun is very hot for very long hours of the day. While the sun is hot during the day, the nights are extremely cold. The architecture has responded to this by coming up with the sort of buildings that are thick-walled, and in most cases the roofing is made from materials that are poor conductors of heat. This is to protect the occupants from the hot rays, as well as retain necessary heat for the cold nights (Mohamed & Bourennane 45). Challenges encountered An inquiry of this kind is, admittedly, best carried out in the field. The reasons are simple. It is better to find out about all the different details that are talked about when the object stands physically in front of you. The immediacy of the object also makes you appreciate the tiny nuances that are hard to grasp when explained on paper. Therefore, the first challenge faced was explaining the importance of the study and what it was all about to non-architecture students. They did their best to appreciate architecture. However, beforehand knowledge looked like something that was sorely needed even for the brightest students. This compelled the need to enlighten the student s before the questions were asked. This greatly slowed down the interviews (Groat & Wang 24). Another challenge worth mentioning is that some of the students who were interviewed were of the age where appreciation of architecture is not fully developed. There were students of up to the age of fourteen. The task was extremely hard for those who were of this young age. Consequently, the problem was compounded by the fact that they were non-architecture

Tuesday, February 11, 2020

Family Law Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Family Law Master - Case Study Example She moved out again in February 2006, and began to live with another man named Oliver since December, 2007. She has lived separately from her husband Michael for almost two years. She also does not have a child in concern for emotional bond. Under the circumstances, Lucy is very right in considering that she should file for divorce under the protection of Law for her sanity and life. Under the Family Law Act 1996, she has three grounds for filing a petition for divorce from Michael and achieve to get fair share in the division of property which has been established in the White v White [2001] 1 AC 596 your Lordships' House sought to assist judges who have the difficult task of exercising the wide discretionary powers conferred on the court by Part II of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973.1 In particular the House emphasized that in seeking a fair outcome there is no place for discrimination between a husband and wife and their respective roles. Her first ground for divorce is adultery, in which she has e-mail proof of Michael being in relationship with another man, and thus morally violating his vow of marriage and social norm. She has personal proof of unreasonable behaviour and where she can submit petition which can contain a series of allegations against her husband's unreasonable behaviour. This would be evaluated and considered by the judge as the basis of an nulment of her marriage. She has been forced to move out of her home for a length of time on mutual consent and live with friends. She did make an attempt to come back and reconcile. Even after that, she had to finally decide to move in and live with another man Oliver and had lived with for almost two years. This proves that on deteriorating domestic circumstances she has been forced to live away from home, husband and marriage. She is right in considering legal divorce by petition from her husband so that she can take charge of her life and finances to support herself.2 2. She has no income or capital. Michael is still living in the former matrimonial home, which is now worth 250,000 pounds. he is earning around 50,000 pounds pa. Michael bought some shares in his employer's company whilst he and Lucy were still together. They have shot up in value and are now worth 100,000 pounds. Advise Lucy about the likely outcome of her application for ancillary relief on divorce.Lucy should take pro-active measure once she has decided to get divorce from Michael on the financial issues and getting a fair share of her asset from her matrimonial home in which her investment for the payment has been the primary source of the mortgage and the investment has doubled. This should be based on the principal of 'equal sharing' in marriage which is considered the partnership of equals. This 'equal sharing' principle derives from the basic concept of equality permeating a marriage as understood today. Marriage, it is often said, is a partnership of equals. In 1992 Lord Ke ith of Kinkel approved Lord Emslie's observation that 'husband and wife are now for all practical purposes equal partners in marriage': R v R [1992] 1